Compact city – An urban planning and urban design concept, which promotes relatively high residential density with mixed land uses.
Carbon tax – A tax on fossil fuels, especially those used by motor vehicles, intended to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a hypothetical AI that will not only be able to reproduce the maximum abilities of humans but even surpass them. Those who believe in ASI believe that it will acquire the power to penetrate human thoughts and feelings to subjugate them to its will. See Supermind: Futurologists’ scare stories or the […]
Apps (application programs) – Different programs are used to work with different types of information. The totality of software that allows solving various user tasks for processing different types of information without resorting to programming is called application software. Application software simplifies the interaction of the computer user with different types of information. Application programs […]
Aquaponics is a combined method of growing fish and plants together in a recirculating ecosystem using natural bacterial cycles to convert fish waste into plant nutrients. It is an environmentally friendly method that uses the best attributes of aquaculture and hydroponics without the need to add chemical fertilizers, discard water, or leachate. Aquaponics is a […]
Ecotourism is nature-based tourism that includes environmental education and awareness programs and is conducted by the principles of environmental sustainability. National Ecotourism Strategy Australia, Department of Tourism, Canberra, 1992. Why is ecotourism growing in popularity worldwide? The greatest volume of demand for nature tourism in the countries that supply tourists is noted in North America […]
Autonomous cars are becoming a reality. There is less and less time left before we will be surrounded by a variety of vehicles with autonomous driving systems on a mass scale. According to forecasts, by 2030, more than half of the cars in the world will be equipped with autopilot systems. So it will not […]
Biodiversity characterizes the entire diversity of life forms on our planet. This is why it is also known as biodiversity and represents all the different multiple species of living organisms, plants, and animals, as well as the ecological systems to which they belong. If we count all the uncompensated work that nature does for our […]
What is cybersecurity? Cybersecurity works on the same principle as offline security, that is, it aims to protect users and their computer systems. In the real world, you can install video intercoms and locks on all your windows, but on the Internet, it’s not that simple. Internet scammers can gain access to your information in […]
What is an electric vehicle? There are probably fewer and fewer people in today’s world who have never heard of this type of vehicle as an electric vehicle (or electric vehicle, EV). Electric cars are cars that are powered by one or more electric motors, which, in turn, are powered by rechargeable batteries or other […]
Garden city – Intended to be a planned, self-contained community surrounded by “greenbelts”, containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. Garden city movement One of the movements that emerged in response to the terrible urban growth in Victorian Britain. The goals of the movement are articulated in Ebenezer Howard’s book To-morrow: A Peaceful Path […]
Edge Layer An architectural shift in IoT that breaks the norm of the traditional client-server model. The edge layer is the first layer that devices connect to before moving to the server. It is responsible for connecting devices and managing data collection and connections to the server.
Solar power is one of the largest alternative energy and renewable energy sources (RES) segments. Today, it is customary to distinguish between three main solar energy technologies: solar energy can be used to generate electricity (photovoltaics, PV), to obtain concentrated thermal energy for subsequent power generation (concentrated solar power, CSP), or direct heating of the […]
One of the widely used protocols for interaction between IoT devices (Internet of Things) or IoT devices and the external environment is a protocol CoAP – Constrained Application Protocol. Introduction CoAP protocol was created by The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) working group in June 2014. The standard of this protocol […]
Geofencing is a simple but very useful localization solution. This option creates certain zones, the crossing of which can be constantly monitored. For example, it is the area of warehouses, streets, or even countries. Crossing the boundaries of this zone is recorded in the TMS, and then we are notified accordingly. See what the applications […]
Dynamic pricing also referred to as demand-based pricing, is a pricing strategy in which flexible prices for products or services are based on current market demands. Dynamic pricing is a flexible approach to the revaluation of goods, based on the use of different pricing strategies and tactics, depending on various events occurring in the using […]
Low Impact Development (LID) has been defined as “development that, through its adverse environmental impacts, either enhances or does not significantly degrade the quality of the environment.” The relationship between potential developers and UK planning authorities since the 1980s has led to a multitude of unique, locally adapted developments, often using natural, local, and reclaimed […]
iBeacon technology is a promising development from Apple, designed to transmit a Bluetooth signal to devices within the range of Bluetooth beacons. This makes it possible to position objects indoors. It first appeared in 2013, but has already managed to win the recognition of business representatives. The essence of the system consists in installation of […]
Application agents help address the lack of overhead for an end-to-end, peer-to-peer network in an IoT architecture. They help manage traffic, enable real-time response to changing IoT conditions, and deliver services to clients.
Green building – an environmentally sustainable building, designed, constructed, and operated to minimize the total environmental impacts. The ideology of green, positive or sustainable construction appeared in the United States and Western Europe back in the late 1970s, in the 1990s it gained particular popularity largely due to the famous UN conference in Rio de […]
First and last-mile – gaps in public transit require individuals to use other forms of transportation such as driving their car or riding their bike. What is micromobility? The term is used to describe short-distance travel solutions, usually the first or last kilometer of a trip. According to a study by the McKinsey Center for […]
A connected device (or smart device) is an electronic device, generally connected to other devices or networks, that can operate to some extent interactively and autonomously. These days, a smart device is generally defined as a device that contains one or more parameters of digital communication networks. Because digital communication requires the use of a […]
Green building materials – Composed of renewable and/or recycled materials, rather than nonrenewable resources. What kinds of green building materials are there? Building materials that are energy-efficient, sustainable, reusable, and that help and do not harm the planet are very important in the construction industry. Green building materials do one or more of the following: […]
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design LEED – is an ecology-oriented building certification program run under the auspices of the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). Before the introduction of LEED, the construction industry had no established standard for defining what constituted an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly project. Since its introduction in 1998, the LEED system […]
Long-Distance Communication Protocols: used to designate universal radio frequencies for long distances for multi-generation wireless standards such as 2G, 3G, 4G and 4G LTE.
OSINT (open-source intelligence) is an intellectual discipline and a set of activities, tools, and methods for obtaining and analyzing information from open sources. It is applied to specific people, organizations, as well as events, and goals. In 1947, CIA analyst Ken Sherman reported that about 80% of the country’s information is collected from open sources […]
UNB network is a type of LPWAN pioneered by Telensa to connect smart city sensors and controls at low cost for the rapid integration of smart city applications.
Urban data platform – provides a cohesive digital environment for the aggregation of data across multiple geographic areas or civic functions of the city. Think of a single platform for collecting and sharing city data.
Real-time operating system RTOS: designed to guarantee the completion of a task within a certain time constraint. Often used in security systems and in building IoT devices. For example, smart energy meters need to connect to the cloud to transmit usage data, and building security systems need to communicate locally so that the door opens […]
Message protocols: a way of transferring and communicating information between devices, the cloud, and the data store. Different protocols are used for different outcomes.
Fleet Management: In IoT terms, fleet management deals with concepts such as automatic vehicle tracking. What is fleet management? Fleet management is the area of management that deals with the organization of fleet operations. A fleet manager is responsible for: Be responsible for the smooth operation of machinery. He must arrange for the prompt repair […]
Global Marketing – marketing of global organizations that operate by treating the entire world as one big market. It assumes free movement of services, products, and labor, as well as material values based on the principle of “transparency” of state borders. The first step in its implementation is the realization of the project of a […]
Radio Frequency Identification: a technology that involves electromagnetic coupling and radio frequency to identify objects and people. It consists of three components: an antenna, a transceiver and a transponder.
Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas, the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas, and the ways in which each society adapts to the change. Is the growth of cities due to the movement of people from rural areas in search of better jobs and better […]
Sustainability – the maintenance and betterment of the ecological, social, and economic health of a city. “Sustainability” is a completely new model for the use of resources and the interaction between man and nature. The main goal is to build a new innovative environment with a society that cares about the environment. Sustainable development is […]
Device Control – the part of the Edge layer that provides a web abstraction so that a server or cloud application can be agnostic to the implementation of the devices it controls.
Management information system MIS – Information processing system that supports the decision-making of a community city or organization. MIS is a data processing system designed to supply internal and external information necessary for decision-making at all levels of management. In contrast to a simple data processing system, an information system has a broader base of […]
Monitoring – the act of periodically checking processes, equipment, and environment to detect any changes *NOTE: Checking can include process checks is the process of continuous surveillance of events in their dynamic development. This surveillance can be conducted for a specific purpose: for example, monitoring social networks for extremism or monitoring airline ticket sites to […]
Multi-modal transport – simply a system that facilitates various transport options, such as cycling, bus, light rail, train, ferry, or walking. Multimodal cargo transportation is the transportation of cargo using several modes of transport and the presence of transshipment points in the delivery chain. Multimodal transportation can include any operation for the delivery of cargo, […]
Yupcap – stands for Young Urban Professionals Who Can’t Afford Property. Yupcaps are usually in their 20s and early 30s. Though they tend to have good educations and bright futures, they have high amounts of debt, little credit history, and little saved, making it tough for lenders to lend to them
Application Programming Interface (API): the API can be used to connect different objects, data, and applications in the IoT. For such a connection to succeed, the communicating parties need to “comply” with certain conditions defined in APIs.
IIoT – from the English Industrial IoT. Loosely translated the Internet of Things is for industrial use. From the deployment of IoT in the industry, companies usually expect to improve production efficiency, higher productivity, and savings. It enables a higher degree of automation.
Edge Gateway is the connecting factor between analytical devices and cloud data processing and analysis. A virtual router that connects the external and internal network and offers services such as NAT, firewall, load balancer, and VPN. DHCP allows you to automatically assign IP addresses to virtual servers from predefined ranges. The Edge gateway is a […]
Bluetooth Low Energy – also known as Bluetooth 4.0, Bluetooth Smart, or Wibree. It is a variant of the traditional Bluetooth standard that features significantly lower power consumption. It operates at 2.4 GHz and is designed primarily for direct wireless communication between devices.
Xenocurrency – a currency that trades in foreign markets. For example, Euros trade in American markets, making the Euro a xenocurrency.
Yield – the earnings are generated and realized on an investment over a particular period. Year to date (YTD) refers to the period extending from the beginning of the year to the present. In business, note that the beginning of the year is not always January 1; many companies have fiscal years beginning at other […]
Expert review – method and decision based on the personal opinion of the expert. The expert evaluation method is part of the vast field of the theory of decision-making, and expert evaluation itself is the procedure of obtaining an evaluation of a problem based on the opinion of specialists (experts) for subsequent decision-making (selection). In […]
Information collection methods Despite the huge variety of research methods and techniques, the general scheme of activities implemented in the framework of market research, simple and clear enough. The main sources of obtaining marketing information are: Interviews and surveys; Registration (observation); Experiment; Panel; Expert evaluation. Interviews (surveys) – finding out people’s position or getting a […]
The Japan External Trade Development Organization JETRO is an organization established by the Japanese government to promote mutual trade and investment between Japan and the rest of the world. Originally established in 1958.
Solar city – a city actively using solar energy to reduce or replace fossil fuels. An American energy company based in San Mateo, California, a subsidiary of Tesla. The company’s core services include the design, financing, and installation of solar energy systems. The company employs more than 13,000 people
living building – a concept that uses nature as the ultimate measuring stick for a building’s performance.
Low-Power Devices: electronics that have been designed to consume less energy than traditional devices. This is essential to the future success of the IoT because as sensors become more advanced, devices must be able to operate longer without relying on manual maintenance or data loss.
Logo – a specially designed original lettering of the full or abbreviated name of a company or a group of products of that company. Is an individual graphic mark (drawing), a typographic spelling of a brand, or a combination of a graphic mark and a typographic spelling. The purpose of a logo is to communicate […]
High albedo concrete is a special type of pavement that reflects more light than dark-colored materials due to its lighter color. This causes the concrete to have a lower surface temperature, resulting in less energy needed to cool surrounding buildings and less energy consumed by nighttime lighting.
A low-carbon city reduces its carbon footprint by focusing on renewable energy and mitigation measures. The “green” aspects of comprehensive stimulus programs Like all government plans for social and economic revitalization at all levels, comprehensive incentive programs are designed to help decarbonize cities. Urban investments can promote compact, integrated, multipurpose cities that reduce the distance […]
Embedded devices/systems: a computer with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system. They are usually embedded as part of a complete installation.
Endpoint Device – An Internet-enabled endpoint device on a TCP/IP network.
Home automation: a combination of hardware and software solutions that enable the control and management of electronics, appliances, and devices in the home. Problem Solving So, how do you solve this seemingly unsolvable problem? How to make the wiring and connections easily changeable? It turns out that there is a solution and it has been […]
Gateway: any point where information passes through devices on an IoT network. So it can be virtual software or real hardware such as a router. Is a router or some software that allows two or more independent networks with different protocols to communicate with each other. For example, it allows a node from a local […]
Connection Protection: the part of the Edge layer that is used to provide connectivity in case of network failure or poor Internet connectivity. CNP is a licensed security service that connects to network access points to protect WiFi users while maintaining WiFi performance.
Artificial (or machine) intelligence refers to intelligent devices that learn from external inputs, data, and past experiences using algorithms. Today, the term “AI” is widely used to refer to applications for complex tasks that previously could only be performed by humans, such as customer service or playing chess. It is often used synonymously with machine […]
equity – the absence of avoidable or remediable differences among groups of people, whether those groups are defined socially, economically, demographically, or geographically. In finance, the term has 5 meanings. Shares or any other securities evidencing an equity interest in a company. In a company’s balance sheet, it means the number of funds contributed by […]
Direct Messaging is a messaging mechanism in which the sender and receiver are connected by caches and can exchange messages that they do not receive but only forward (routing). A private channel of communication between users on any platform. Unlike public posts, private messages can only be seen by correspondence participants. There are two main […]
Carbon neutral city – no net release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, especially through offsetting emissions such as by planting trees.
Bicycle detection and actuation sensors at regular traffic signals to alert the controller of bicycle crossing demand on a particular approach.
Citizen-centric approach to the delivery of services based on solving the needs and challenges of the people they serve are used to increase public satisfaction, improve efficiency, and reduce costs.
The Green index is a process used to determine the amount of environmental impact a city has. The vegetation index is an important indicator in crop development analytics. Of the many benefits of vegetation indices in remote sensing, the accuracy of the data and the ability to monitor remotely are the main reasons for the […]
LPWAN Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is a type of wireless telecommunication wide area network. It facilitates long-range communications at a low bit rate between connected objects. This network is through which city infrastructure can communicate. Is an approach in radio communication used for devices and large wireless telemetry networks. It features low power […]
Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities. Field of science and technology, a branch of mechanical engineering engaged in the development and production of measuring instruments, processing, and presentation of information, automatic and automated control systems. The main direction of the development of instrumentation is measuring […]
Smart networks a network that contains built-in diagnostics, management, fault tolerance, and other capabilities to prevent downtime and maintain efficient performance. Conscious interaction, or Smart Networking, helps to highlight the field beyond competition (be it resources, money, or attention) and to see how we can join forces, unlocking everyone’s potential. In looking for an answer […]
A zero-carbon city runs entirely on renewable energy; it has no carbon footprint and will in this respect not cause harm to the planet. A zero-carbon city runs entirely on renewable energy; it has no carbon footprint and in this respect does not harm the planet. Most of the world’s cities produce energy by burning […]
Sense of place is either the intrinsic character of a place, or the meaning people give to it, but, more often, a mixture of both.
Rails to trails the conversion of a disused railway into a multi-use path. Such trails emerge from the organized transformation of abandoned railroad infrastructure into multifunctional recreational sites for walking, biking, and sometimes horseback riding. Passing through ancient neighborhoods and with attractive facilities along the way, they attract large numbers of visitors. Some of them […]
An autonomous system is a system or network that gathers information determines the needs and issues a response or other machine to answer the call.
Open data – data that is freely available for everyone to use without copyright, patent, or other restrictions. The term first appeared in 1995. The modern principles of open data were formulated in 2007 at a meeting of Internet theorists and activists in San Francisco. Among the authors of these principles were Tim O’Reilly, a […]
Data Center is a high-tech space, the space of which is filled with telecommunication equipment and other devices, thanks to which the collection, storage, and processing of various information open up opportunities for users on the World Wide Web. The distinctive feature inherent in stable data centers is the reliability of construction, internal layout, and […]
Environmentalism broad ideology concerned with protecting the environment. A social-environmental movement aimed at strengthening measures to protect the environment from the negative impact of human activity and to prevent the destruction of the environment.
Carbon footprint – the amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted due to the consumption of fossil fuels by a particular person, group, etc.
A green roof is a flat roof that may be systematically planted with, for example, varieties of sedum, moss, or grass,..
Today, almost half of the world’s population lives in cities and the number of urban residents is constantly increasing.
Bifurcation is applied to the mathematical study of dynamical systems; a bifurcation occurs when a small smooth change made to a system’s…
Biomimicry is the science of applying nature-inspired designs in human engineering and invention to solve human problems.
A city that contains abundant nature; care about, seek to protect, restore and grow this nature, and that strive to foster deep connections…
Equity lens is a process for analyzing the impact of the design and implementation of policies on under-served and marginalized…
Europe has a plan to become a technological and ecological leader in the world because, like many other countries China, Canada, India…
A community organization strategy for connecting local farmers with the community by creating a direct local market.
The use of information and communication technologies to improve the activities of public sector organisations. Some definitions restrict…
Combined and compatible operation of different city systems and exchange of data and information with the aim of achieving more effective…
Continuous delivery is an extension of continuous integration since it automatically deploys all code changes to the testing and…
To keep up with the times and modern minimalist design that features spaciousness and easy maintenance, try to keep only the things you…
Data lakes and data warehouses are widely used for storing big data, but they are not interchangeable terms. A data lake is a vast pool of…
Perhaps the greatest difference between data lakes and data warehouses is the varying raw vs. processed data structure.
Refers to the lack of diversity within environmental organizations, causing the needs of communities of color to not be represented.
A measure of the viability of a smart city application relating to economic competitiveness and productivity.
With this type of smart street lighting, the brightness of the street lighting varies automatically based on real-time traffic flow data.
The terms transition town, transition initiative, and transition model refer to grassroots community projects that aim to increase…
One connected technology solution that plays a significant role in the development of smart cities is vehicle telematics.
One that has developed capacities to help absorb future shocks and stresses to its social, economic, and technical systems and infra…
State where things, for example, objects, environments, vehicles, and clothing have more and more information associated with them and may…
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) refers to the integration of telecommunications, computers, and associated enterprise…
Food desert, also calls a food mile occurs when residents live more than one mile from a supermarket or large grocery store.
Vehicles are operated using a computer and can transport small groups of people using electric motors on lightweight tracks.
A category of cloud computing services provides a platform to facilitate the development and management of digital applications.
A city with zero net energy consumption, meaning the total amount of energy used by the city on an annual basis is roughly equal to…
The sensor is an electronic component, module, or subsystem is used to detect events, triggers, or changes in the surrounding environment.
Responsibilities City responsibilities are key domains within which city governments and their private sector partners provide services to…
Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enable two electronic devices to communicate in short distance.
Living alleyways are narrow, low-volume traffic streets that focus on livability instead of parking and traffic.
City 4.0 is about Digitalization. Digitalization will improve a city’s productivity, fast growth, and drive economic activities.
Hyper-local data refers to the data that is more specific and relates to a smaller geographical area than ‘local’ data.
An application programming interface (API) is a set of definitions, protocols, and tools for building application software and connect…
According to the targets set by the Paris Climate Agreement, there are only 29 years remaining to reach global net-zero emissions.
The City 2.0 reimagines the future. The abundance of Energy, Aesthetic look, Parks, Places to Socialize, Urban Gardening, Experience of Life.
The CIO is responsible for collecting the city’s information, and making it available to decision-makers, residents, and partners.
Services that municipalities provide depend partly on the size of the town or city but typically include a school system, police and fire…
Open government initiatives are “actions undertaken by the government, or by a single public institution, to achieve specific objectives in…
Smartivist is a person who understands, supports, and promotes the positive features of Smart Cities and innovative gadgets implementation into daily life.
Densely built-up urban areas are vast “repositories” or “banks” of raw materials. Urban mining is a concept for the systematic inventory…
The Strategic Plan gives detailed descriptions of various possibilities for cooling urban heat islands. In addition, it contains precise…
Urban settlement structures differ significantly from the surrounding rural areas in many respects, including climatic factors such…
A start-up ecosystem consists of all individuals and stakeholders involved in a company start-up, interacting as a system.
The primary focus of “sensitive urban renewal,” a successful Viennese model introduced nearly 40 years ago, has always been on affordable…
Secondary raw materials are raw materials that are recovered from recycled waste. They serve as raw materials for new products but differ…
This term defines energy sources that are constantly renewed or replenished and hence are permanently available. Renewables include sunlight
The Paris Agreement, signed in 2015, is an agreement between 195 member states of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate…
Open government data are data collected by the public administration – including, e.g., geodata, traffic data, and environmental, budget,…
Nearly-zero-energy buildings are characterized by very low energy requirements, with a considerable share of these requirements covered…
Internet-based platforms allow transport providers to be accessed at any time. From basic travel information and booking through to…
A digital tool that provides information about the material composition of buildings and the quality and quantity of the materials they…
Refers to the brightening of the night sky by artificial light sources, which can negatively impact flora and fauna and people’s health.
Internet of Things (IoT) is a generic term for a network of infrastructures, devices, and other objects that can interact with one another…
Refers to the combination of multiple modes of transport in a seamless travel chain, e.g. traveling to the rail or underground station…
Indicators are parameters based on measurable proxy values to describe subject matter that is otherwise hard to grasp.
Heat pumps take heat energy from water, the ground, or the air, bring it to a usable temperature, and transfer it into heating or hot…
The regional equivalent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It is usually presented in nominal terms using the market prices of the respective…
Grey energy refers to the (considerable) amounts of energy consumed (and the respective “grey” CO2 emissions produced) over the entire…
The gender pay gap is the percentage difference between the average earnings of men and women.
Zones that are kept undeveloped provide inner-city districts with a circulating supply of fresh air. Development in these zones…
Final energy is the energy generated from converting primary energy sources, such as coal, lignite, crude oil, natural gas, hydropower,…
The EU-wide Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) was established in 2005. An emission allowance must be surrendered for every tonne of CO2….
In concrete terms, e-government uses information and communication technologies (ICT) by public administrations, in combination with…
A sustainability indicator that shows the amount of land needed to support an individual’s lifestyle in terms of food, consumer goods…
Since demand for district heating is lower in the warm months of the year, redundant waste heat is fed through large, environment-friendly…
In district heating systems, the heat produced as a by-product of power generation and waste incineration is generally transported using…
Digital twins are virtual simulations of physical objects and systems. They model the properties and behavior of these real-world objects…
Also known as Smart building technology or Building automation. Building technology refers to equipment used to control and regulate…
Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence which develops algorithms that can learn and improve from “experience .”
The utilization of the natural heat found beneath the earth’s surface at depths of between 400m and several thousand meters.
Describes the processes involved in transitioning to a low-carbon – and ultimately zero-carbon – economy and includes carbon-saving…
Carbon dioxide, the most important greenhouse gas, mainly results from the incineration of fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas.
The legislative package agreed by the EU comprises a series of key energy and climate policy regulations: a new version of…
A circular economy is based on the principles of designing out waste and pollution, keeping products and materials in use, and regenerating…
The average private motor vehicle stands unused – in most cases parked in the public space – for 23 hours a day.
Carbon-neutral or climate-neutral actions and processes cause no greenhouse gas (carbon) emissions or the emissions they produce…
Because greenhouse gases remain in the atmosphere for a very long time (several hundred years in the case of CO2…
An innovative digital modeling tool for planning, executing and managing a construction project across the project lifecycle.
